The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.